OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase) bacteria among hospital, which its resistance could be spread to other bacteria; causes infections with a high morbidity and mortality. The study were to determine factors influencing ESBL pathogen pattern in NICU.

METHOD This study was Retrospective with cross sectional approach. This study used medical record data in NICU at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital from January 2019 to May 2019. Inclusion criteria were children aged 0-28 days, diagnosed as neonatal sepsis, patient with ESBL or non ESBL positive blood cultures. Parents agree to participate and are willing to sign the inform consent. Exclusion criteria was parents who reject to participate in the study and patients who have no blood culture results or the results are sterile. Results of samples characteristics were assesed with SPSS ver 25.

RESULT Eighty-six children were met the inclusion criteria. ESBL were positive in 24 patients (27,9%). From the sample, low birth weight in 44 patient (51%), ventilator in 70 patient (81,4%), mean length of stay was 15,6 days, and mean duration of antibiotics therapy was 14,7 days. Outcome; 13 patient was death (15%). And 52 patient was reference from other hospital (60,4%).

CONCLUSION Many factor can be influencing ESBL pathogen pattern in neonatal. Larger prospective studies are needed to address the ESBL pathogen patern, because it could be cause  treatment failure, increase long of stay and medical cost.