Objective : Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a neglected disease of poverty that is the
most common pediatric cardiovascular condition in developing countries. The objective of
this study was to know socio-economic and enviroment risk factors in rheumatic heart
disease.
Method : Descriptive, cross-sectional study during December 2013 through December 2018
at Prof. R. D. Kandou general hospital including 70 children with aged between 5-15 years
old with rheumatic heart disease. The risk factors included nutritional status (good nutrition,
insufficient nutrition, and poor nutrition), parent’s salary (lower than 4 million rupiah and
upper than 4 million rupiah), number of people per house (?4 people and >4 people).
Result : There were 70 patients took part in study. The subject of rheumatic heart disease
patients were 40 boys (57.2%) versus 30 girls (42.8%). In rheumatic heart disease group
there were 30% with good nutrition, 65% with insufficient nutrition, 5% with poor nutrition,
parent’s salary lower than 4 miliion rupiah was 62 % versus 38% with upper than 4 million
rupiah, number of people per house ?4 was 52% versus 48% with number of people per
house >4.
Conclusion :  The socio-economic and environmental conditions reported could contribute
to high group A Streptococcus transmission and susceptibility to infection, thus increasing
RHD. A rigorous investigation, such as a case control study, is needed to explore risk factors
further.