OBJECTIVE: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with increased mortality and various comorbidities including heart failure, need for respiratory support, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The ratio of left atrial diameter to aortic root diameter (LA/Ao) most commonly taken to indicate the presence of a significant PDA. This study aims to determine the correlation between ratio of LA/Ao with PDA diameter in pediatric patients.
METHOD: An analytical study with cross-sectional design to find correlation between the two variables was conducted to patients in period of February 2017 to February 2019 in Child Health Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. Inclusion criteria was patients who have been diagnosed PDA based on echocardiography. Exclusion criteria was patients with other congenital heart diseases. We used echocardiography to measure heart chambers and PDA based on colour doppler. Statistical analysis was done to find correlation with Spearman test and p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
RESULT: Out of the 28 patients with patent ductus arteriosus (11 boys, 17 girls), the mean aged was 23.43 months (ranged from 1 to 108 months old). The mean LA/Ao ratio was 1.5 (ranged from 1.13 to 2.15) and the mean PDA diameter was 5.96 mm (ranged from 1.64 to 12.2 mm). Statistical analysis showed a strong positive correlation between the two variables, r s = 0.661, p <0.001, with high LA/Ao ratio associated with larger PDA diameter.
CONCLUSION: There was a strong positive correlation between LA/Ao ratio with PDA diameter. The larger PDA diameter, the greater impact on left atrial diameter.