Introduction: Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury are present in the environment and industrial products, constituting a major global health concern, particularly for children due to critical periods of neurodevelopment. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 reported that South Asia and East Asia account for one of the highest heavy metal exposure deaths and disability adjusted life years. Neurobehavioral outcomes are the most frequently reported consequences. Objective: To discuss the neurobehavioral changes among children in Asia exposed to heavy metals, specifically lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury . Methods: Descriptive analysis was used in this literature review to identify the neurobehavioral alterations as the impact of lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury exposure in Asian children. Studies were selected from online databases. The inclusion criteria were original, open-access literature published in English between 2000-2025, with participants aged ≤ 18 years old, and conducted in Asia. Results: The fifteen included studies found heavy metal levels in blood, urine, and hair were associated with neurobehavioral changes, such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism, as the most frequently reported outcomes. Lead is the most frequently studied toxic element in heavy metal studies in Asia. Conclusions: Heavy metal exposures have adverse effects and contribute to neurobehavioral alterations in children. Since industrialisation activities are steadily expanding in Asia, whichincreases the probability of heavy metal exposures, particularly to children as the vulnerable population, further research is needed to protect children.