Background: Food allergy (FA), particularly the IgE-mediated form, directly impairs children’s nutritional status. Objectives: Identifying risk factors for FA and developing strategies to promote growth catchup can provide valuable guidance for the clinical and nutritional management of affected children. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed food allergen-specific IgE detection and nutritional status in children with IgEmediated FA in China. A total of 180 children aged 0–12 years with IgE mediated FA and 362 matched healthy controls were enrolled. Results: Shrimp, crab, peanut, and cod sensitizations peaked after age 6. Shrimp, crab, and peanut showed an upward trend before age 4. Total serum IgE peaked at 2–4 years and declined thereafter. Strong correlations (P