Asia Pacific Journal of Pediatric and Child Health

Abstract Ref Number = APCP1027

Poster Presentation

RISK FACTORS OF NEONATAL HYPOGLYCEMIA IN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS

Yuliana Yunarto,Gatot Irawan Sarosa Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University Dr Kariadi Hospital Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University Dr Kariadi Hospital, Semarang

Background : Hypoglycemia is one of the most common metabolic disorder in newborns. Furthermore, infants with low birth weight (LBW) are at increased risk of developing this condition. Delay in therapy of hypoglycemia results in poor neurological outcome and lead to considerable early morbidity and mortality. We aimed to determine the incidence and identify factors associated with the occurrence of hypoglycemia in LBW infants. Material : This is a case-control study conducted in Dr. Kariadi Hospital. Data of infants born in 2017 and weighed between 1500 - 2500 g were obtained from medical records. Cases with blood glucose <47 mg/dL is considered as hypoglycemia. Gestational age, birth weight, maternal age, number of parity, underlying maternal and pregnancy-related conditions, mode of delivery, fetal and neonatal factors were recorded and analyzed statistically in relation to the occurrence of hypoglycemia. Results : Among 244 LBW infants, there were 65 (27%) cases and 179 control. Out of 65 cases, a total of 50 (76.9%) infants were born preterm, 43 (66.2%) were born via C-section, 38 (58.5%) were born small for gestational age (SGA). Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (OR 4.512; 95% CI 2.449 - 8.313; P<0.001), birth asphyxia (OR 4.209; 95% CI 2.295 - 7.719; P<0.001), and neonatal infection (OR 2.401; 95% CI 1.029 - 5.602; P= 0.043) were found as the significant risk factors of hypoglycemia in LBW infants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed prematurity (OR 2.966; 95% CI 1.286 - 6.842; P= 0.011), birth asphyxia (OR 4.769; 95% CI 2.077 - 10.950; P <.001), and neonatal infection (OR 2.999; 95% CI 1.051 - 8.553; P 0.040) as significant risk factors of hypoglycemia. Conclusions : LBW infants prematurely born with IUGR, birth asphyxia, and neonatal infection were more likely to develop hypoglycemia. Routine blood glucose screening in LBW infants with above mentioned risk factors is important for early prompt treatment.

Keywords: neonatal hypoglycemia low birth weight IUGR birth asphyxia