Asia Pacific Journal of Pediatric and Child Health

Abstract Ref Number = APCP241

Oral Presentation

PROFILE IMBALANCE ELECTROLYTE AND ACID BASE DISORDERS ON PATIENTS ACUTE DIARRHEA WITH SEVERE DEHYDRATION AT DR M DJAMIL HOSPITAL PADANG

Nisa Haska Maulina,Yusri Dianne Jurnalis,Yorva Sayoeti pediatric resident at medical faculty of Andalas university Padang Department of Pediatric at medical faculty of Andalas university Padang

Background : Acute diarrhea is one of the most common health problems found in infants and children. Metabolic acidosis and electrolyte imbalance are serious complications in acute diarrhea with severe dehydration and can lead to high mortality rates in improper management. The study determines electrolyte imbalance and acid base disorders on patients acute diarrhea with severe dehydration. Characteristic patients, length of stay, nutritional status, outcome, complications and its association should be investigated. Material : A retrospective study performed on hospitalized patients acute diarrhea with severe dehydration treated in the ward of the DR.M.Djamil Hospital Padang from 2013 until 2017. Recording on age, sex, length of stay, nutritional status, clinical symptoms, laboratory examination, and outcome. Also recorded the results of electrolyte, blood gas analysis, and others complication. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate using independent sample T test, with significance p <0,05. Results : There were 39 patients acute diarrhea with severe dehydration. Most children were less than one year 56,4%, male 51,3%, malnutrition 64,1%. With clinical symptoms mostly was followed by vomiting 97,4% and fever 92,3%. The complications were metabolic acidosis in 79,5%, electrolyte imbalance 76,9% and hypovolemic shock 35,9%. Laboratorium analyses, mean of hemoglobin 9,8±1,8g/dL(4,7-15,4g/dL), hematocryte 28,53±3,62% (21,2-37,0%) and leucocyte 13877,7±7312,3/mm3 (2700-37000/mm3). Mean length of hospitalization was 5,3±5,1 days. The length of hospitalization related significantly with metabolic acidosis (p=0.007) and electrolyte imbalance (p=0.049). The outcome were 92,3% clinically improved and 7,7% died. Conclusions : The study shows that patients with metabolic acidosis and imbalance electrolyte had longer length of hospitalization and the correlation was significant. It is important to early assess the complications in order to reduce the length of hospitalization and mortality rates.

Keywords: Diarrhea severe dehydration electrolytes imbalance acid base disorders