Asia Pacific Journal of Pediatric and Child Health

Abstract Ref Number = APCP818

Poster Presentation

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MICROCEPHALY AND GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY IN UNDERFIVE CHILDREN

Hartono Gunardi,Karina Faisha,Soedjatmiko ,Rini Sekartini,Bernie E Medise,Angga Wirahmadi Universitas Indonesia

Background : Many babies born with microcephaly may demonstrate no other symptoms at birth and develop developmental delay, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, hearing loss and vision problems, while some microcephalic babies develop normally. On the other hand, some normocephalic babies also develops developmental delay. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of microcephaly and global developmental delay (GDD) in underfive children at Growth and Development Clinic Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Material : A cross-sectional study was conducted in underfive years old children at Growth and Development Clinic Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from January 2015 to December 2017. Head circumference was measured and plotted into Nellhaus’ head circumference charts. Child development status was evaluated with Denver II test. GDD was diagnosed if child had delay in two or more developmental domains (gross motor, fine motor, language, personal/social) and confirmed with clinical examination. Results : There were 5018 children attending child Growth and Development clinic in study periode. Median age of the patients was four months (range 0-60) and age category of < 1 year were the most with 73.7%, followed by age 1 - < 3 years category with 18.4%. Male patients were 54.4%, slightly more than female patients with 45.6%. Amongst patients with microcephaly (781 patients; 15.6% of total), 423 patients (54.2%) had developmental delay out of total 844 patients (16.8% of total) with developmental delay. Furthermore, within normocephalic patients (4237 patients, 84.4% of total) only 421 patients (9.9%) had developmental delay. Global developmental delay was ten times more common among microcephalic patients than among normocephalic ones (OR 10.7, CI 95% 9.0 – 12.7, P < .0001). Gender was not a risk factor of global developmental delay (OR 0.98, CI 95% 0.85-1.14, P = 0.857) Conclusions : Risk of global developmental delay increases significantly with presence of microcephaly. Gender does not have relation with GDD.

Keywords: Global developmental delay Microcephaly Pediatric